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It inhabits Morocco, Algeria and Gibraltar in mountain habitats, cliffs and high-altitude gorges.
The Barbary macaque is covered with thick fur that helps protect it from low temperatures.
Both males and females have multiple mates. Females initiate and terminate mating and compete with each other for a partner. Once the babies are born, the whole group participates in their care. Because of the Barbary macaque's promiscuous mating system, males have no way of knowing which is their offspring, so they provide paternal care to all babies in the group.
They live in groups of 24 to 59 individuals, males and females alike. Males and females form their own hierarchies. Female hierarchies are strictly matrilineal and each female has a specific rank within the troop.
Their threat is due to habitat loss, mainly due to logging, poaching and capture of offspring for the pet trade.
A group of macaques that live in Selwo Aventura were seized by Spanish authorities from different regions of Spain, mostly for illegal possession of animals. They are not suitable for reintroduction to the wild because they have been bred by humans and are of uncertain origin. They remain in Selwo to educate and raise awareness about illegal species trafficking and conservation. They are also part of the European Endangered Species Program (EEP) of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA).